The purpose of the Basic Principles of Biophysics course is to help students understand quantitatively the activities of life and to introduce them to the application of cutting-edge biophysical research tools to study the properties and functions of biological macromolecules. First, we will introduce the principles and methods of measuring the physical and chemical properties of biological macromolecules. Next, learn the theory of macromolecular folding and methods to perform structure prediction. Then, understand the methods of macromolecular spatial structure determination, including X-ray crystallography, single particle 3D reconstruction techniques, and cryo-electron microscopy tomography. Finally, we will introduce the principles of single-molecule techniques and fluorescent bleaching recovery techniques and their extensions and applications.