The main objective of this course is to introduce the basic processes and molecular mechanisms of plant immunology to graduate students. The content will mainly cover the history of research on plant immunity, basal and acquired immunity, hormonal signaling and immune regulation, root immunity and plant-microbiome interactions. In the specific lectures, we will focus on the novelty of scientific thinking behind important milestone studies, based on systematic introduction of research background and disciplinary concepts, so that graduate students can grasp the design ideas and methods of scientific research. In addition, students will also be involved in background learning and report presentations of key points in groups according to their individual interests. This would train their scientific reporting skills and their ability to dig deeper into the research history of key knowledge points.