Effective antimicrobial drugs are not only used to treat infectious diseases, but also the basis for other treatments (such as surgery, etc.). The emergence of antibiotic resistance threatens the core of modern medicine and the durability of effective global public health responses to the continuing threat of infectious disease. This course will further improve the curriculum system of medical microbiology and public health microbiology, expand the knowledge structure of the discipline, enhance the breadth and depth of the knowledge structure of graduate students, cultivate the ability of graduate students to independently discover, think and solve scientific problems, and improve the ability of graduate students ability to write research project. The teaching objectives of this course are 1. To understand the mechanism of microbial resistance; 2. To understand the principles of the development of new anti-infective drugs; 3. To understand the writing method of anti-infective scientific research topics. The teaching content of this course mainly includes the targets of commonly used antibiotics and the molecular mechanism of drug resistance and the targets of new antibacterial drugs.