With the rapid development of experimentaltechnology, the boundaries of the thermodynamic parameters such as temperature,magnetic field, and pressure are continuously expanding. The latest generationof large scientific facilities offer robust support for the detection ofextremely weak signals and experiments with enhanced accuracy, opening up newopportunities for modern physics. The aim of this course is to provide graduatestudents with a comprehensive and fundamental understanding of the principlesof modern physics experiments and the scientific instrumentation. This willfacilitate the development of their creative thinking and quantitativereasoning capabilities, enhancing their ability to analyze physics problems andexperiments. Additionally, the course will provide experimental training forgraduate students planning careers in physics and related physical sciences.