Mathematical statistics is a discipline that infers the study population by extracting sample data, and explores the distribution and numerical characteristics of the population random variable. The learning objective of this course is to enable students to master the basic theories and methods of mathematical statistics, including sampling distribution, parameter estimation, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, analysis of variance and experimental design, etc. The course aims to train students to analyze and solve practical problems in the fields of economic management and industrial engineering by using statistical methods, apply statistical software to process and analyze data, and extract information needed to assist decision-making.